The Drinking Age Should Remain the Same - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 794 Downloads: 8 Date added: 2019/08/12 Category Society Essay Level High school Tags: Lowering The Drinking Age Essay Did you like this example? The opposing viewpoint is the drinking age should be lowered to about 18 or 19. Colleges and Universities argue that having the drinking age 21 is making issues worse. If young adults know that they are legally allowed to drink then there would be a lot less thrill seekers trying to break the law. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The Drinking Age Should Remain the Same" essay for you Create order Additionally there would be a decrease in the number of fatalities and long term injuries because adolescents would not have the fear of legal consequences if they seek medical attention. College students would be affected if the drinking age was lowered. There are already so many reports of abusing alcohol on campus and it would only get worse it would be legal. Although most students find themselves at one point at a college party with alcoholic beverages, it is still regulated and not out of hand because there is an age limit. Many students have a fear from getting in trouble by not only their parent but the actual college itself so they tend to steer clear of parties as much as possible. If the drinking age was lowered it would also increase the risk of students developing other bad habits like smoking tobacco or marijuana. Adolescence is a time period of significant growth, physically and mentally. It is characterized by physical health and low incidence of disease. It is proven that physical activity and exercise is a primary prevention against chronic conditions. If the drinking age is lowered, the increase of young adults developing diseases is inevitable. Over the long term, drinking increases the risks of many cancers and can cause significant damage to the digestive, nervous, respiratory, circulatory, skeletal, and immune systems. Additionally, alcohol consumption has been linked to diabetes, infertility, sexual dysfunction, liver inflammation, and mental health issues discussed by Gale (2017). Cognitive development is extremely important. It is the development of thought processes, including remembering, problem solving, and decision-making, from childhood through adolescence to adulthood which was a theory found by jean Piaget when he placed the importance on the education of children. Ages 18- 25 we are transitioning from adolescents to adults and while this is happening the brain is also continuing to develop as well. According to Arnold-Burger (2008) alcohol impairs judgment and heightens risk-taking behavior as well as slowing perceptual and motor skills, so given to a person who has an immature brain function in these areas already, research shows that the effects are even more exaggerated. And finally, the research indicates that alcohol or drug use during these formative years can cause long term, irreversible damage. The drinking age is believed to be a lifesaving effect. Adolescents are still learning about themselves and transitioning into being young adults and to give them the option to partake in what is believed an adult activity, jeopardizes their future and potentially their life. At the age of 18 you are not completely able to make the most correct decision because the mind isnt fully matured. Although people younger than 21 still get behind the wheel after drinking, there are much fewer each year because of the drinking law. There will always be several young people who will rebel, but there are a lot more who will make the more rational decision to obey the rules. Gholipor (2014) states the federal law that enforced the drinking age to 21 made a significant decline in teenage drinking and driving and there was actually a 54 percent drop over the past two decades Therefore, when states lowered the drinking age, consumption went up and more people died. When states increased the drinking age, consumption went down and fewer people died. The debate over lowering the drinking age to 18 years old has been ongoing since 1984 when it was raised to 21 years old. There is a long history of alcohol in America, and why it was legally set to this age. The belief that alcohol was the major cause of most personal and social problems is where the prohibition movement fell into place. They believed illegalizing alcohol would reduce crime and improve the health of citizens. Prohibition failed and ended in the 1930s and allowed each state to set their own alcohol consumption laws. Most states at that time made the legal drinking to 21 years of age. Around 1972 when the voting age was lowered from 21 to 18, many states lowered the drinking age as well. Unfortunately, with the decrease in the drinking age a drastic increase of alcohol-related care accidents occurred. In response to the rise in traffic fatalities the National Drinking Age Act of 1984 came into place which prohibited persons under 21 years of age from purchasing alcoholic beverages. It is evident that the drinking age should remain because it saves lives, decreases the chance of interrupting cognitive developments, as well as developing comorbidities and if lowered would negatively impact college students.

The English Language Learner (ELL) Assessment Process...

ELL Assessment Process The English Language Learner (ELL) assessment process is different in each state. Each state must assess student’s performance in reading or language arts in order to comply with the No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB). In addition NCLB requires that schools receiving Title III funds annually assess the English Proficiency of all Limited English Proficiency (LEP) students participating in Title III programs. Although the assessments may vary, the goals of the assessments are all the same, to assess where students are as they learn the English language. Is this assessment enough or should alternative assessments be required? In our area of New York State, which is known as the Southern Tier, there are very few ELL†¦show more content†¦The test is designed by teachers and Pearsons, a test development company, and is designed to measure the proficiency of ELLs. The test assess four language modalities; listening, speaking, reading, and writing. It is done over five grade bands; K-1, 2-4, 5-6, 7-8, and 9-12 and is administered by trained staff members. The test is comprised of; multiple choice questions in listening, reading, and writing. A short written response and an extended written response for the writing area, and an oral response for the oral area, are also required. The oral, written portion of the test is graded by trained teachers, while the multiple choice portion is graded by Pearson. The test is administered in the spring and the results provide students, teachers, and parents with an objective view of the student’s strengths and weaknesses. The listening and speaking scores are combined to obtain an overall scale score, as are the reading and writing scores. The overall performance is determined by the scores in each combined area. A conversion chart is provided in each grade band, to convert the raw score to a scale score. Then depending on where the scale scores land will give you the placement level that the student is at. To move from one level to another both component scores must land in the upper level range. A student, who advances in only oneShow MoreRelatedEnglish Language Learners ( Ells )1269 Words   |  6 PagesEnglish language learners (ELLs) are people who have to acquire a second additional language and culture. In another words, ELLs are people who do not speak English as their first language. According to the National Center for Educat ional Statistics (2014), the percentage of public school students in the United States who were English language learners was higher in school year 2012–13 (9.2 percent, or an estimated 4.4 million students) than in 2002–03 (8.7 percent, or an estimated 4.1 million students)Read MoreCapstone Essay1044 Words   |  5 Pagesunderstanding specific English language learners needs guided the choice of instructional strategies to support the content and language learning. It is essential to understand English language learners’ needs because ELL students face the combined challenge of learning all the academic content as other students, while also learning the language of instruction. With the rapid growth in the size of the ELL student population in the U.S., teachers who are effective recognizes ELL students unique academicRead MoreEssay about Placing English Language Learners in Special Education1182 Words   |  5 PagesWhen do English language learners need to be placed in special education? In the United States, there has been an increase in in the number of children from Spanish speaking backgrounds. The English Language Learners, commonly known as ELL’s, are being placed in Special Education without being properly tested for a learning disability. However there are a large number of ELL’s with learning disabilities in elementary grades that truly have a learning disability and are over looked. Many schoolRead MoreEffects of High-Stakes Testing on English Language Learners913 Words   |  4 PagesEnglish language learners enrollment in the Council member districts has remained relatively stable over the past several years. In 2007-08, 1.1 million ELLs were enrolled in urban schools, accounting for 16.5 percent of total district enrollment. In 2009–10, 1.2 million ELLs were enrolled, accounting for 17.5 percent of total district enrollment (Uro Barrio, p. 26, 2013). The No Child Left Behind (NCLB) Act of 2001 required students in grades three thr ough eight to be tested every year in readingRead MoreEnglish Language Challenges957 Words   |  4 PagesWith the rise of English language learner population, schools across the America come across many challenges in supporting and providing the appropriate curriculum and materials for their English language learner students (Blazer 6). This section will discuss the challenges and issues that educators face when serving English learners. Summary Thi Diem Hang Khong and Eisuke Saito examine types of challenges that educators will come across when teaching English learner students. They categorize theseRead MoreThe Fastest Growing Subgroup Of The Nation Are English Language Learners1659 Words   |  7 PagesThe fastest growing subgroup in the nation are English Language Learners (ELLs). Over a period of 10 years, from 1995 to 2005, ELL students grew over 60% (Wolf, Herman, Bachman, Bailey, Griffin, 2008). Since 1980, the number of residents aged five years and older that speak a language other than English at home has more than doubled. Fewer than half of these residents are proficient in English. Utah is showing similar trends in population as it is growing more ethnically and racially diverseRead MoreImplementing A Major Ell Program969 Words   |  4 PagesImplementing a Major ELL Program â€Å"Successful program models for promoting the academic achievement of language minority students are those that enable these students to develop academic skills while learning English. The best program organization is one that is tailored to meet the linguistic, academic, and emotional needs of students; provides language minority students with the instruction necessary to allow them to progress through school at a rate commensurate with their native-English-speaking peers;Read MoreEll Assessments1208 Words   |  5 PagesELLs Assessments The mission of North Carolina Department of Education schools is to ensure that all students are accepted in the educational system. It is also the mission of NCDE to give every student the opportunity to receive the highest quality education possible. Due to the fact that immigrant students are the fastest and largest growing population in schools in the United States, it is crucial to develop a comprehensive plan that will identify and meet the needs of the English Language learnersRead MoreFlorida Is A State Composed Of Diverse Cultures And Languages997 Words   |  4 Pagescultures and languages. Prior to 1990 there were not any modifications or accommodations in the classroom for English Language Learners (ELL), which had become an increasing issue. During this decade Florida was the third largest state with residents that were not native-born. Historically, Florida has become the home for many individuals who migrated from Central and Latin America (MacDonald, 2004). Accordin g to the Consent Decree (n.d.), the Florida English speakers of other languages (ESOL) ConsentRead MoreSheltered Instruction For Native English Language Learners Essay973 Words   |  4 Pagesan approach to teach English language learners which integrates language and content instruction. To develop grade-level content area knowledge, academic skills, and increase English proficiency. Sheltered English Instruction has been used since the 1980’s, and the way the connection was made with English learners, was when students were considered â€Å"sheltered† because they studied in classes separate from â€Å" the mainstream† and did not compete academically with native English speakers. Today the majority

Journal of Operations Management Scheduling

Question: Describe about the Journal of Operations Management for Scheduling? Answer: Introduction This study deals with operations management process and how it can be effectively managed by the newly hired consultant. The new hired consultant was appointed at concept design so that he can being brought improvement in the manufacturing department in order to achieve continuity as well as growth. The consultant made certain strategies with which he can transform inputs into adequate outputs that will help the organization in revenue generation. This manager basically needs to guide the employees and provide them essential guidance that will even motivate them to work. The work of consultant is even to take strategic and tactical decisions that can help the organization to improve as well as to attain the long term objectives. Several inputs go through the transformation stage in order to get the desired results. The inputs can be even information in case of consultancy services, because they provide suggestions to its clients. In this particular report, the various steps that woul d take by newly appointed consultant of the company Concept Design with the aim to improve the manufacturing operations of the particular company and to ensure the growth, expansion, and continuity of the particular company have been discussed. Transformation process at CDS As a consultant in the operations department at concept design, it will be essential to focus on the transformation process in order to achieve continuity and growth (Peng and Lai, 2012). Transformation is a process that includes activities or group of taking one or more inputs so that it can add value to it. Therefore, in the company Concept design, the process of transformation has been implemented to add value and it also helps in providing outputs to its customer clients (Berenguer et al. 2015). This process will actually involve the following attributes and those are discussed below with proper justification: CDS will help in transforming from physical characteristics of materials as well as customers. Another transformation that is required is the changes made in the location of materials that will help in providing information to its customer base. Transformation can even occur while changing in the ownership of various materials in the form of information. Concept design helps in transforming from storage of accommodation in the form of materials in order to provide information to customers. Even transformation can be made when customers state of mind changes, be it psychological or physiological (Paksoy, Pehlivan and Kahraman, 2012). Figure 1: Transformation process As a consultant, it is essential to understand the transformation model as because any changes made will have direct implications on the overall enterprise (Walker et al. 2015). One of the major roles of operations in the particular organization Concept design is to create as well as deliver of goods as well as services in order to produce in an organization in order to help the customers. There are basically three components in the operational activities that include inputs, process of transformation as well as outputs. As far as operations management is concerned, it provides a systematic direction as well as control that will help in transforming inputs into outputs that is finished goods and services (Reichard and Johnson, 2011). As operations management is about managing the resources, so it is important to get the latest technology into practice. Being a consultant, the role is to manage with two of the transforming resources that are staff as well as facilities. Staffs that ar e needed to be managed are those who are directly involved in the transformation process (Chase, 2012). Another matter that needs consideration is the facilities including land, buildings, machinery as well as equipment. Even information can be transformed as in the case of consultancy firms, where fees are paid in getting the valuable suggestions. Capital intensive and labor intensive are two types of attributes that are used by the organization. The main focus of operations management is to involve in the production of goods as well as services so that the entire organization can be easily determined. If there is proper management of the operations, then there will be smooth functioning of all the relevant departments and vice versa (Subramanian and Ramanathan, 2012). Therefore, in the company Concept design, proper management of the operations of manufacturing the products is mandatory. Operations are actually the heart of the entire department as all the sections needs operations in some extent so as a consultant; it should be kept in mind that to co ordinate these work into main course of action. Implications of input resources The input resources of the company Concept design are people, money and material and this need to be properly transformed so as to get effective output that will be utilized in order to attain success within the business enterprise (Slack, 2015). Outputs are the various goods as well as services that are needed during the production process and this need to be managed in an effective so as to get profit maximization in the long course of time. As a consultant in the company Concept design, it is needed to take decisions in most strategic manner because that will help in showing a path of action, ultimately will be helpful in meeting up the goals of the particular organization (Driouchi Bennett, 2012). As a new operation manager, the main role is to involve in the development of the various business goals to understand the basic concept of meeting the needs of resources that are required in the process of production of the company Concept design. Another concept that is required in t he operations management is the cost leadership as well as differentiation of goods and services (Stevenson, 2011). Thus, in the company Concept design, all these concepts of product differentiation and cost leadership should be implemented for the betterment of the particular company. The role of consultant in an operations management is to take responsibility in viewing all the activities in an organization so that to encourage effective production of various goods as well as services. Every business enterprise is unique in its own form because each and every has its own way to manage with the available resources (Reichard and Johnson, 2011). It is important for the consultant to provide information on all the operation related issues and the way to tackle them in an effective manner. It is important that the goals are clear in the minds of the consultant so that they can explain it to employees working under the organization (Paksoy, Pehlivan and Kahraman, 2012). The goals of the organization are set in order to achieve it and this is possible only if the organization has well trained consultant who knows to convert these goals into actual performance of business enterprise (Handfield and Bozarth, 2012). A new hired operation consultant of the company Concept design can help in decision making process as he will have fresh and innovative ideas for the purpose and will also be helpful for achieving the long term objectives of the firm. They will also help in designing the composition of various products, services that will be helpful in the operations. A consultant cans effectively manage the performance by continuously monitoring the activities involved in the organization (Paksoy, Pehlivan and Kahraman, 2012). Relationship between core functions of an organization There is close relationship between the three core functions of an organization and these are as follows with proper justification: New product development One of the functions that the consultant manages is the new product development. Any product needs to undergo certain stages and these stages include, Idea generation is the first step in product development; this includes getting an idea of what to produce, for whom to produce, which technology to be used (Hendricks, Hora and Singhal, 2014). Thus, in Concept design, this particular stage actually involves basic layout of the production of the product for the beginning purpose. Idea screening is the next step after the idea is generated (Berenguer et al. 2013). Screening is required whether it will be effective or not, whether it can satisfy the needs of the customers of the company Concept design or not. Proper screening is done by the researcher also evaluating with other alternatives available. Concept development as well as testing is required in order to test the product of Concept design whether it is reliable or not (Krajewski, Malhotra and Ritzman, 2015).Testing can be done by various methods like alpha testing and beta testing. Researcher makes this a point that testing of a product is essential that will give a brief idea whether it can sustain in the market or not. Business analysis is another step in the product development and this will include professional to analysis the results of the testing. Several assumptions are made by the analyst related to financial, advertisement, marketing of the product in an effective manner. Prototype development is required for the product as because it will help in understanding the value it creates in the market (Brown, Bessant and Lamming, 2013). Development can be judged after the product is launched and look at the sale revenue in the next years. Test marketing is the final test before launching the product in the market (Goodale et al. 2011). This test is done by some of the selected consumers to understand whether the products can satisfy their needs as well as requirements. Commercialization is the last stage in the new development process of the company Concept design. It actually means products launched or commercialized in the market and understand whether it is success or not (Barratt, Choi and Li, 2011). Various promotions are needed in this stage so that the customers are actually aware of the products offerings. Free trials should be provided by the management of the particular company to their customers so that the marketer can have an idea of whether the product is appreciated or not (Driouchi Bennett, 2012). In all these stages, the knowledge of the new operation consultant of the company Concept design would help the management of the company to regulate the business in the right direction and also to expand the business in future. Marketing It is one of the core functions of an organization. The marketing is also a part of major operations of the company Concept design .Without making marketing strategies, it is impossible to understand the market culture (Slack, Brandon-Jones and Johnston, 2013). Each product of the particular company has some special features that make them unique from others and this unique criteria need to be promoted because this will only attract both the existing loyal and new customers in the most short span of time. Unique Selling Proportion (USP) is the term that makes each product different from others so marketing strategies should be made in order to highlight their features in the most efficient manner. Therefore, the company Concept design should apply the Unique Selling Proportion (USP) in their business to earn more profit. STP (Segmentation, Targeting, and Positioning) is an important attributes that should be taken into consideration while making marketing strategies (Foropon and McLa chlin, 2013). The marketer should understand the needs of the customers and should indulge in surveys so that they get updated with the change in fashion and trends (Paksoy, Pehlivan and Kahraman, 2012). Operations It includes combination of every aspect because it actually means to look into the matters of marketing, finance, sales department and coordinate in the most effective manner (Gunasekaran and Ngai, 2012). The operations managers actually serve as a linkage between all the departments because they are responsible to take strategic decisions that will help in bringing growth as well as continuity in an organization. Therefore, the vision of the new operation consultant of the company Concept design should be clear regarding the motives, aims and objectives of the particular company. Then only the managers would be able to keep the mind of the employees clear so that they can concentrate in their work. On the other hand, the continuous monitoring by the managers will help them to provide them guidance as well. If employee redresses is done on an effective manner by the organization, then the employees will feel comfortable in expressing their views and opinions to higher authority (Drio uchi Bennett, 2012). Production Scheduling Issues Production scheduling is a sophisticated way of managing the manufacturing operations effectively as it enables the entire manufacturing operations to follow a particular path with specific timeline towards completion. Production scheduling is essential in terms of utilizing the resources effectively and completing the manufacturing operations effectively within due deadline (Krajewski, Malhotra and Ritzman, 2015). The key aim of the company Concept design is to enhance customer service and the key objectives are to meet strategic goals and objectives and to ensure growth and continuity of the particular organization. Production scheduling also helps gaining competitive advantages by resolving the practical problems. However, there are various issues associated with the production scheduling that may have an impact upon customer service. The current section analyses the issues. The two key issues within production scheduling of the firm Concept design are priorities and capacity. There are various operations and activities that are running simultaneously within the manufacturing systems of the organization Concept design. Scheduling is one of the most vital aspects of the manufacturing operations for most of the companies (Kumar, Subramanian and Strandholm, 2011). Thus, the effectiveness of the production scheduling largely depends upon the knowledge and decision-making ability of the operation managers. Therefore, in the company Concept design, the new operation consultant would play a vital role. However, dealing with the manufacturing operations is never easy as it involves various unexpected events that may have an impact upon the scheduling of the production processes. Most common issue faced by most of the manufacturing and operation managers is that they usually face various problems while prioritizing the manufacturing operation activities. Thus, here the new operation consultant also faced the same issues. It is very important to make dynamic decisio ns for choosing the activities that needs to be done at the first place. An effective production scheduling system is the system that has the potential to make dynamic decisions for the scheduling function within a high-quality and timely and manner, while concurrently enhancing the output, satisfying the needs and expectations of the customers and enhancing direct operating costs associated with the manufacturing operations (Reichard and Johnson, 2011). Another key issue within the production scheduling process within the manufacturing operation is to select the most effective option for performing the tasks (Babu et al. 2014). During the process of production in the company Concept design; there are several alternatives available for the operation managers to perform any operational tasks (Krajewski, Malhotra and Ritzman, 2015). However, the most important step will be to select the most efficient and effective option that would help accomplishing the particular operational task effectively with quality and within due time. Manufacturing efficiency, productivity and profitability largely depend upon the capacity planning of production as it involves the ability of the company to enhance their production or manufacturing units in order to meet their market demand (Driouchi Bennett, 2012). Strategic Direction of CDS Operation functions have a crucial role towards the effectiveness of concept design. Concept design helps the organizations to progress towards the productivity and profitability. There are various strategic importances of CDS (Engell and Harjunkoski, 2012). The key objectives of CDS include adding value towards the final product of the organizations. However, it also important for the organization to utilize the resources required for their manufacturing or production department to run effectively (Nahmias and Olsen, 2015).The concept designers and the operations managers of the company Concept design have an active role for carry on the international operation and manufacturing processes effectively for enhancing the utilization of the resources. There are various other processes for improving operation function through CDS strategically. Advanced technologies are the components necessary for improving the operation performance within the current circumstances for gaining competiti ve advantages (Moghaddam et al.2011). The advanced technologies must be implemented within the manufacturing units. In addition, there are various added activities that the organization Concept design should consider such as developing partnerships with various reputed concept designers for enhancing the complexity and volume of production (Krajewski, Malhotra and Ritzman, 2015). There are various other strategic directions of CDS towards the success of the organizations though the enhancement of the performances of manufacturing and operational activities. Thus, the organization Concept design is using CDS for various performances such as minimizing the problems associated with the production scheduling (Hendricks, Hora and Singhal, 2014). In addition, CDS are helping the organizations to improve the usage of their resources, which is part of their strategic decisions. On the other hand CDS are also helping the organization Concept design to maintain effective relationship and collaboration between various departments such as manufacturing, distribution and marketing in order to improve the performance of the companies through various internal processes. The CDS is also helping the particular company to forest their sales effectively, which is part of the strategic goals and objectives of the particular organization (Garcia-Gonzalo, Pukkala and Borges, 2014) . On the hand, CDS is meant to draw the effective design for conducting various manufacturing processes effectively. Thus, it is essential for designing the manufacturing processes of the specified company Concept design efficiently in order to enhance the effectiveness and performances of the manufacturing processes. It is essential for the organizations to improve their manufacturing processes as their productivity and profitability both largely depends upon their manufacturing processes that the CDS helps to meet. In addition, the organizations are utilizing the CDS effectively for supporting and for enhancing the performance of the customer services (Conway, Maxwell and Miller, 2012). Ways to Support the Strategy There are various ways that the operation functions support the strategy. The volume manufactured by the companies is largely depending upon the operation function. Therefore, as the strategy implies enhancing volume, it can be inferred that the operation functions supports the strategy. Another key strategy of the organization Concept design is to gain competitive advantages that they can achieve while varying the products or services through innovation for supporting both sustainability and profitability (Hill and Hill, 2012). On the other hand, variation is another activity of operation function that helps keeping the customers largely interested and keeping the demand greater. There are various other ways to support the strategy. The particular organization Concept design is mainly concentrating upon CDS for improving the operational and manufacturing functions. Both productivity and profitability are part the organizational strategy and their existence largely depend upon how ef ficient the organizations are for enhancing the operational and manufacturing processes (Engell and Harjunkoski, 2012). In addition, the CDS is also associated with each step of the operation and manufacturing of the company Concept design. Therefore, it also enables the organizations to meet their strategies effectively. The effectiveness of CDS depends upon the decision-making of the designers. Therefore, it can be inferred that the operation function supports the strategy. In other words, operation functions are involved in all the activities that are vital for the particular company in terms of the strategies implemented by the organization (Paksoy, Pehlivan and Kahraman, 2012). The new operation manager of the company Concept design is responsible for providing guidance to its employees so that they feel free to work in the specified organization. A healthy environment and motivation will encourage employees to work in the organization for long period of time. In case of the three core functions of the organization, which are new product development, marketing and operations, the strategies of the organizations will include assessing the needs and expectation of the customers regarding the new product development, marketing the new products or services effectively within the customers to analyze the marketing demand and justifying the necessary measurements required within the operation functions for dealing with the activities associated with the manufacturing of new products or services. Therefore, most of the activities within the operation function are closely connected with the strategies of the organizations (Weglarz, 2012). Marketing will decide the market demand for the new product or service of the company that the new operation manager will focus upon and the strategies will be drawn based upon the demand for the particular product or service within the market. In addition, the operation manager also requires marinating effective communication and collaboration between the marketing and the manufacturing departments of the particular company in order to strengthen the manufacturing process, which will help them to minimize various issues and also to enhance customer service. Therefore, it can be inferred that the operation functions will support the organizational strategies through various ways that are analyzed within the current study. Recommendations to Improve Operation Management There are various strategies to improve operations for supporting the goals of the particular organization. The key recommendations are as follows: Enhancing Relationship between the Designers and Various other Departments The concept designers are the ones, who do not have adequate knowledge or understanding about the overall operations of the organizations, especially about the manufacturing units and the activities. However, it is very important for the concept designers to have overall insight of the manufacturing or production processes within the companies in order make effective and dynamic decisions, which will improve the performances of the manufacturing units of the company Concept design (Conway, Maxwell and Miller, 2012). Therefore, it is recommended for the concept designers to go through various activities such as cross training in order to improve their knowledge and understanding about the entire manufacturing processes and production activities. The key success factor in this case will be the collaborative approach, where the concept designers will have the ability or facility to obtain valuable information from other departments. In addition, it is also important for the organization s to conduct various collaborative sessions and events for help both departments communicate effectively for information upload and download. However, the key aim in this case will be to help the concept designers to have more in-depth idea about the manufacturing processes of the organizations that will help the concept designers to design more effective strategies and designs (Kumar, Subramanian and Strandholm, 2011). There are various strategies or policies that the companies may follow to enhance the collaboration process between the concept designers and various other departments such as manufacturing, marketing and distribution. Improving Sales Forecasting Sales forecasting is a crucial activity done by the operation managers in order to enhance both their productivity and profitability. Thus, the sales forecasting enables the organization Concept design to determine their needs regarding the required resources (Kerzner, 2013). On the other hand, appropriate sales forecasting allows the operation managers to enhance the profitability of the particular organizations. However, again it is important that both the operation and marketing departments have effective collaboration between them in order to estimate the sales effectively. The organization Concept design should consider providing effective training to both the departments together in order to have overall idea about the strategic goals and objectives of the particular organization and to enhance sales forecasting (Paksoy, Pehlivan and Kahraman, 2012). Cross training will help the specified organization and the managers of both the departments to know their responsibilities and t o design their activities effectively (Conway, Maxwell and Miller, 2012). Conclusion All the studies and discussions conducted within the current report conclude that operation management is essential for achieving the strategic and organizational goals of the organization Concept design. The current assignment also concludes that priorities and capacity are two critical issues within production scheduling that can easily be avoided using CDS effectively. On the other hand, the current study suggests that it is very important for the organization Concept design to improve various aspects associated with operation and manufacturing operations. The particular organization should consider improvising the relationship between the concept designers and various other departments through effective collaboration. In addition, the current study also suggests that effective collaboration will also help the organization to improve sales forecasting. Reference List Babu, S. A. I., Pratap, S., Lahoti, G., Fernandes, K. J., Tiwari, M. K., Mount, M., and Xiong, Y. (2014). Minimizing delay of ships in bulk terminals by simultaneous ship scheduling, stockyard planning and train scheduling.Maritime Economics Logistics. Barratt, M., Choi, T. Y., and Li, M. (2011). Qualitative case studies in operations management: Trends, research outcomes, and future research implications.Journal of Operations Management,29(4), 329-342. Berenguer, G., Keskinocak, P., George Shanthikumar, J., Swaminathan, J. M., and Van Wassenhove, L. (2014). Special Issue of Production and Operations Management: Not for Profit Operations Management.Production and Operations Management,23(12), 2225-2226. Berenguer, G., Keskinocak, P., Shanthikumar, J. G., Swaminathan, J. M., and Van Wassenhove, L. (2015). Call for Papers: Special Issue of Production and Operations Management: Not for Profit Operations Management.Production and Operations Management,24(2), 352-353. Brown, S., Bessant, J. R., and Lamming, R. (2013).Strategic operations management. Routledge. Chase, J. (2012).Operations management. Tata McGraw-Hill. Conway, R. W., Maxwell, W. L., and Miller, L. W. (2012).Theory of scheduling. Courier Corporation. Driouchi, T., Bennett, D. J. (2012). Real Options in Management and Organizational Strategy: A Review of Decisionà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ making and Performance Implications.International Journal of Management Reviews,14(1), 39-62. Engell, S., and Harjunkoski, I. (2012). Optimal operation: Scheduling, advanced control and their integration.Computers Chemical Engineering,47, 121-133. Foropon, C., and McLachlin, R. (2013). Metaphors in operations management theory building.International Journal of Operations Production Management,33(2), 181-196. Garcia-Gonzalo, J., Pukkala, T., and Borges, J. G. (2014). Integrating fire risk in stand management scheduling. An application to Maritime pine stands in Portugal.Annals of Operations Research,219(1), 379-395. Goodale, J. C., Kuratko, D. F., Hornsby, J. S., and Covin, J. G. (2011). 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Rawls View Of Ignorance Essay Example For Students

Rawls View Of Ignorance Essay Rawls View of IgnoranceRawls theory of justice revolves around the adaptation of twofundamental principles of justice which would, in turn, guarantee a just andmorally acceptable society. The first principle guarantees the right of eachperson to have the most extensive basic liberty compatible with the liberty ofothers. The second principle states that social and economic positions are to bea) to everyones advantage and b) open to all. A key problem to Rawls is to show how such principles would beuniversally adopted and here the work borders on general ethical issues.Heintroduces a theoretical veil of ignorance in which all the players in thesocial game would be placed in a situation which is called the originalposition. Having only a general knowledge of the facts oflife and society,each player is to abide based on their moral obligation. By denying the playersany specific information about themselves it forces them to adopt a generalizedpoint of view that bears a strong resemblance to the moral point of view. Moral conclusions can be reached without abandoning the prudentialstandpoint of positing,a moral outlook merely by pursuing ones own prudentialreasoning under certain procedural bargaining and knowledge constraints.Rawls proposes that the most reasonable principles of justice for asociety are those that individuals would themselves agree to behind the veil ofignorance, in circumstances in which each is represented as a moral person,endowed with the basic moral powers. What this position supports is that whileeach person has different ends and goals, different backgrounds and talents,each ought to have a fair chance to develop his or her talents and to pursuethose goals fair equality for opportunity. It is not a race or contest wherethe talented or gifted prevail, it should be complete cooperation among all sothat there may be reasonable life for all. What the veil of ignorancebrings out is that we can acceptutilitarianism as a public conception of justice only if we are prepared to letsomeone be subject to conditions we would not be prepared to subject ourselves. However, it is not the responsibility of my actions to ensure the fulfillment ofanother persons goals. These principles create an equal distribution of thepie, if you will, yet it is not attainable unless pursued or strived for. There is no room for idle observation, meaning, that while we all possess equalopportunity as we all are equally moral persons, the choice of what you wish topossess materially as well as intellectually is the discretion and capability ofthe individual. Why should we accept these principles as principles of justice?Primarily, these principles promote equality among all. Each individual has thesame basic liberties and opportunities. Each individual has a moral obligationto accept the existence of every other human being. In doing so, all peoplebecome equal in their position and desires. We are equal in that each has thebasic powers of choice and on acting on a sense of justice. The responsibilityof procedure and growth relies on each and every individual his/her self. Bydoing so we may create a level playing field. Is this a form of purecompetition? It would seem so. Competition in that what is desired must beachieved by one and desired by many perhaps. A benefit of competitivecircumstance is the betterment of all parties involved as they must evolve inorder to surpass one another . Also,in fair equality for opportunity we may eliminate all forms ofdiscrimination and discretion of races, ethnic origin, social standards andreligious intolerance and beliefs. All of these characteristics are a componentof the individual person thus making him/her individual. Justice is onlysuccumbed when the liberties of an individual are affected because of anexternal opinion of these characteristics, and, in the oppression of thesecharacteristics upon another. They are nothing more than components of a people. .u4035caa50717df94d6ed106b7bec07dd , .u4035caa50717df94d6ed106b7bec07dd .postImageUrl , .u4035caa50717df94d6ed106b7bec07dd .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u4035caa50717df94d6ed106b7bec07dd , .u4035caa50717df94d6ed106b7bec07dd:hover , .u4035caa50717df94d6ed106b7bec07dd:visited , .u4035caa50717df94d6ed106b7bec07dd:active { border:0!important; } .u4035caa50717df94d6ed106b7bec07dd .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u4035caa50717df94d6ed106b7bec07dd { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u4035caa50717df94d6ed106b7bec07dd:active , .u4035caa50717df94d6ed106b7bec07dd:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u4035caa50717df94d6ed106b7bec07dd .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u4035caa50717df94d6ed106b7bec07dd .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u4035caa50717df94d6ed106b7bec07dd .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u4035caa50717df94d6ed106b7bec07dd .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u4035caa50717df94d6ed106b7bec07dd:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u4035caa50717df94d6ed106b7bec07dd .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u4035caa50717df94d6ed106b7bec07dd .u4035caa50717df94d6ed106b7bec07dd-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u4035caa50717df94d6ed106b7bec07dd:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Jordanian democracy EssayWith the veil of ignorance we exempt our responsibility for caring forthat of which we do not know. If we dont see something physically everydayshould it be an not be a concern or an aspect of our own life? If this were so,could it not be possible that some things could be ignored by all? The wordignorance scares me since I am ignorant of many things yet in growth I hope tobecome less ignorant through education. Is it only then that I understandcertain circumstances yet since I am not affected personally than I shouldcontinue to ignore. This, it would seem, would then rely on my moral truth orobligation, yet I will be the one to ultimately decide, this being theresponsibility of all. Can we place that much faith in the moral responsibilityof human kind. It sounds great theoretically yet in practice it almost appearsthat this would create more alienation than is present today.Would we becomethe exact opposite of what is desired, a selfish and careless society? Theremust be caution in placing so much responsibility on moral obligation.